Retiring in Italy is a dream that many have, but before it becomes a reality, there are some bureaucratic steps that you will have to go through.
Italy's warm climate, lower cost of living compared to other European countries, and slower pace of life are all attractive to retirees — as are financial incentives, such as a flat tax rate for pensioners.
So what exactly do you need if you want to retire in Italy?
Regardless of where you are from, the first things you will need are a valid passport, proof of sufficient income, proof of health insurance, and proof of accommodation.
This is just for starters, however, and depending on your particular set of circumstances, the bureaucratic procedure involved ranges from simple to challenging.
The criteria are obviously different for people from the EU and those from Brazil, but both groups still need to complete a series of processes before obtaining long-term residency in Italy.
EU/EEA nationals
Moving to Italy for retirement is much easier for citizens of countries in the European Union (as well as the European Economic Area), who benefit from the right to free movement.
There is no visa required and although there is always paperwork, some parts of the bureaucratic process are simpler and there are fewer fees to pay.
It is necessary to register as a resident at your local Anagrafe (Civil Registry) and obtain a certificate of residence (residence certificate).
In addition to the registration form (modulistica per cittadini stranieri), you will be asked to submit documents including proof of accommodation (dichiarazione di ospitalità) and evidence that you have sufficient economic means to support yourself and any dependents.
Once you're officially resident, you can also choose to register with Italy's national health service, although this isn't free — it means paying an annual registration fee if you're not working.
Retirement in Italy for Brazilians
Those coming from outside the EU, including Brazil, often find that the path to retirement in Italy is not so easy, mainly due to strict visa rules.
Many people do this every year regardless, but they will probably tell you that it takes time, patience and money. It also helps to do your research and start early.
Visa for retirement in Italy
If you are Brazilian, from a country outside the EU such as the UK, USA or Canada, you will need a visa and for most retirees the most suitable option will be an elective residence visa (Visa for Residenza Elettiva – VRE).
VRE does not allow applicants to work or run a business, but rather to live off their savings or passive income, making it a suitable choice for pensioners.
You will need to apply for your VRE at the Italian consulate in the country and city closest to where you legally reside.
In theory, the minimum income required for VRE is around €31.000 (around R$14,300,00 per month) per person per year, or €31.000 plus around 20% combined income for couples, although experts warn that requirements vary hugely by consulate and appear to be getting stricter.
Other requirements include proof of suitable accommodation in Italy and proof of health insurance, and many consulates also require a letter of motivation.
Legal experts advise anyone starting the process to be careful and thorough — the rejection rate for VRE is high and the exact requirements are not always clear.
Retirement residence in Italy
Once you have your visa and are in Italy, you will need to apply for a residence card, or residence permit, in Italian.
This permit is valid for one to two years, after which you can renew it. After five years, you become eligible to apply for a residence permit permanent.
This is an important milestone for many international residents, as it brings with it the right to work in Italy if desired, and having it simplifies many bureaucratic processes.
Taxes
You should be aware that legal residents (and others classified as tax residents) are required to pay Italian income tax on all worldwide income, although pensions may not be taxed and you should be protected from double taxation under the country's bilateral agreements. Italy with Brazil.
Italy famously has a flat seven percent income tax rate for people moving to certain regions with a foreign pension, but anyone planning to take advantage of this offer is advised to seek professional help. Keep in mind that you will be going to Italy and there is a lot of bureaucracy.
Health care
When applying for a VRE, you will need to show proof that you already have health insurance that will cover you in Italy.
Many Brazilian citizens use the Certificate of Right to Medical Assistance (CDAM), also known as PB4. But its validity is only for the first year.
Once you are a resident of Italy, you can choose to register with Italy's national health service, paying a fee proportional to your income. (Photos: Depositphotos)
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